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硬件岗位综述、流程等
一、硬件开发流程
![image-20240315200950045](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240315200950045.png)
二、需要具备的基本素质和技能
![image-20240315201850089](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240315201850089.png)
三、加分项或中高级任职要求
![image-20240315210841522](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240315210841522.png)
1、识读原理图,会画系统框图
2、会看datasheet
带着目的去读:需求->位置->提取正确内容。
这方面目前有些经验,之前开发STM32时,对于外设或模块的使用,经常翻阅开发手册或模块的datasheet。
datasheet包含哪些内容?如下图。
![image-20240315214128968](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240315214128968.png)
![image-20240315214227432](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240315214227432.png)
![image-20240315214245756](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240315214245756.png)
![image-20240315214348168](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240315214348168.png)
![image-20240315214428125](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240315214428125.png)
![image-20240316110517402](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240316110517402.png)
![image-20240316110536509](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240316110536509.png)
![image-20240316110730771](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240316110730771.png)
寄存器表比较熟悉,在大二上学习Stm32时经常查阅和使用。
![image-20240316110828404](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240316110828404.png)
![image-20240316111046323](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240316111046323.png)
3、SOC最小系统相关知识
1)什么是最小系统?
单片机最小系统是指单片机可以正常执行程序的最简工作环境。
2)最小系统的组成 – 以Stm32为例:
电源、复位、时钟、调试接口、启动
![image-20240316112957119](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240316112957119.png)
复位:
![image-20240316113104042](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240316113104042.png)
![image-20240316113118661](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240316113118661.png)
![image-20240316113357569](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240316113357569.png)
四、常见元件学习
1、
2、电阻
![image-20240317221442287](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240317221442287.png)
1)基本原理及分类
- 欧姆定律
结构图示意:
![image-20240317222030672](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240317222030672.png)
分类及特点:
![image-20240317222122381](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240317222122381.png)
![image-20240317222136493](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240317222136493.png)
![image-20240317222145615](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240317222145615.png)
2)参数
- 阻值
![image-20240317222421487](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240317222421487.png)
五色环电阻读数方法:
![img](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/221650566687070.jpg)
电阻色环表小口诀: 棕一红二橙是三,四黄五绿六为蓝,七紫八灰九对白,黑是零,金五银十表误差。
四色环电阻:读法示例: 1、红,黄,棕,金 24*10=240欧金 误差为5% 2、绿,红,黄,银 52*10000=520K欧 误差为10% 五色环电阻:一般五环电阻是相对较精密的电阻,读法示例:
1、红,红,黑,黑,棕 220*1=220欧,误差为1% 2、紫,红,棕,红,绿 521*100=52.1K欧,误差为0.5% 六色环电阻:就是指用六色环表示阻值的电阻,六色环电阻前五色环与五色环电阻表示方法一样,第六色环表示该电阻的温度系数。只在有特定要求的场合下的电子产品才会使用,一般使用非常少。
- 封装
![image-20240317222812555](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240317222812555.png)
- 功率
![image-20240317222852666](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240317222852666.png)
功率可能还和厂商的工艺等有关。
- 精度
![image-20240317223147904](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240317223147904.png)
- 温漂
![image-20240317223348356](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240317223348356.png)
![image-20240317223538671](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240317223538671.png)
![image-20240317223601349](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240317223601349.png)
3)应用与选型
九、常见通信协议
1、
![image-20240320212058726](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240320212058726.png)
![image-20240320212602531](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240320212602531.png)
![image-20240320212811079](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240320212811079.png)
![image-20240320212943808](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240320212943808.png)
![image-20240320213510759](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240320213510759.png)
![image-20240320213756220](http://typora-cheney.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20240320213756220.png)